RESUMEN
Trata-se de pesquisa convergente assistencial desenvolvida no Serviço de Radiologia de hospital-escola, cujo objetivo é conhecer as expectativas e dúvidas dos clientes submetidos à Punção Aspirativa por Agulha Fina de mama e tireoide. A coleta de dados ocorreu de setembro de 2010 a abril de 2011, por meio de 10 encontros educativos em sala de espera e entrevistas com 88 clientes. Os resultados apresentam: percepção dos clientes em face do exame, o câncer como estigma e a educação em saúde como estratégia de enfrentamento. Revelaram também presença de sentimento de medo do procedimento e do diagnóstico de câncer. A prática educativa em sala de espera é um espaço que minimiza a ansiedade e permite a troca de experiências e conhecimentos entre profissional e cliente, bem como favorece uma rede de apoio entre os clientes. Caracteriza-se como espaço importante de atuação do enfermeiro no Serviço de Radiologia.
Una investigación convergente asistencial desarrollada en el Servicio de Radiología del hospital docente, cuyo objetivo es conocer las dudas y expectativas de los clientes sometidos a la Punción Aspirativa por Aguja Fina de mama y tiroides. La recolección de datos se realizó desde setiembre de 2010 hasta abril de 2011, por medio de 10 encuentros educativos con formato de sala de espera y entrevistas con 88 clientes. Los resultados revelaron: la percepción de clientes antes del examen, cáncer como estigma y educación para la salud como una estrategia para confrontación. Además, se revelaron el miedo tanto al procedimiento como al diagnóstico. La práctica educativa en la sala de espera es un espacio privilegiado para disminuir la ansiedad y permite una red de apoyo entre los clientes y un campo importante para la enfermera en el servicio de radiología.
This is a convergent care research developed in a school hospital's radiology service whose purpose is to learn about the concerns and expectations of clients submitted to breast and thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Puncture. Data collection was conducted from September 2010 to April 2011, through 10 educational meetings in the waiting room interviewing 88 clients. The results show: clients' perception of the test, cancer as a stigma and healthcare education as a confrontation strategy. In addition, they revealed fear of both the procedure and the diagnosis of cancer. Educational practice in the waiting room is a space to decrease anxiety and allows the exchange of experiences and knowledge between professional and client, it also fosters a support network among clients. It is characterized as important space of action to the nurse within radiology service.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Biopsia con Aguja Fina/psicología , Mama/patología , Entrevistas como Asunto/métodos , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/métodos , Servicio de Radiología en Hospital , Glándula Tiroides/patología , Adaptación Psicológica , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Biopsia con Aguja Fina/enfermería , Brasil , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/psicología , Miedo , Hospitales Universitarios , Consultorios Médicos , Relaciones Profesional-Paciente , Investigación Cualitativa , Estigma Social , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/psicologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Previous studies have reported that over a third of cancer patients experience significant psychological distress with diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Mental adjustment to cancer as well as other biologic and demographic factors may be associated with their distress. We investigated the relationship between mental adjustment and distress in patients with thyroid cancer prior to thyroidectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and fifty-two thyroid cancer patients were included in the final analysis. After global distress levels were screened with a distress thermometer, patients were evaluated concerning mental adjustment to cancer, as well as demographic and cancer-related characteristics. A thyroid function test was also performed. Regression analysis was performed to discern significant factors associated with distress in thyroid cancer patients. RESULTS: Our regression model was significant and explained 38.5% of the total variance in distress of this patient group. Anxious-preoccupation and helpless-hopeless factors on the mental adjustment to cancer scale were significantly associated with distress in thyroid cancer patients. CONCLUSION: Negative emotional response to cancer diagnosis may be associated with distress in thyroid cancer patients awaiting thyroidectomy. Screening of mental coping strategies at the beginning of cancer treatment may predict psychological distress in cancer patients. Further studies on the efficacy of psychiatric intervention during cancer treatment may be needed for patients showing maladaptive psychological responses to cancer.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Adaptación Psicológica , Ansiedad , Análisis de Regresión , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/psicología , TiroidectomíaRESUMEN
The main goal is to assess psychological well-being and quality of life in 75 patients with post-surgical treatment for thyroid cancer. A descriptive co relational methodology was used in order to perform this task. Psychological well-being was assessed with the index of Psychological Well-being developed by Dupuy et al., (1984) and Quality of Life was assessed with the Quality of Life Questionnaire SF-36 Health (Ware & Sherbourne, 1992). The instruments were applied to each patient during an interview. Results suggested a high, positive and directly proportional correlation between time after thyroidectomy and the degree of Psychological Well-being and Quality of Life reported by patients. Results also showed a high correlation (significant at the 99 percent level) between the two instruments used.
Se evaluó el bienestar psicológico y la calidad de vida en 75 pacientes posquirúrgicos y con tratamiento para el cáncer de tiroides. Con una metodología descriptiva correlacional. El bienestar psicológico se evaluó con el índice del Bienestar psicológico desarrollado por Dupuy et al., (1984) y la calidad de vida se evaluó con el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida en Salud SF-36 (Ware & Sherbourne, 1992). Cada paciente se entrevistó personalmente en una sesión, en la cual se aplicaron los dos instrumentos. En los resultados se encontró una alta correlación positiva y directamente proporcional entre el tiempo después de la tiroidectomía y el grado de bienestar psicológico y calidad de vida que reportan los pacientes, también se evidenció una correlación alta (significativa al 99 por ciento) entre los dos instrumentos utilizados, en general.